Exploring Alternative Housing Options in Germany
In recent years, sustainable living and minimalism have gained popularity in Germany. Many people are turning to alternative housing options such as houseboats, vans, and tiny homes (known as kleines Häuser). These options offer a more eco-friendly lifestyle while helping to avoid the competitive and often expensive rental market in major cities.
Searching for an apartment in Germany can feel as challenging as hunting for a job. Due to high demand, especially in cities like Berlin, Munich, and Hamburg, competition can be intense. Here’s how to go about it:
1. Apartment Hunting Websites
Start by browsing popular real estate websites like:
- Immobilienscout24.de
- Immowelt.de
- eBay Kleinanzeigen
- Facebook Marketplace
While Facebook Marketplace and eBay Kleinanzeigen can offer hidden gems, be wary of potential scams. If a listing seems too good to be true, or the landlord asks for upfront payments without allowing a physical viewing, it’s best to walk away. Legitimate landlords will arrange viewings before asking for any form of payment.
2. What to Look for in an Apartment
When apartment hunting, remember that many apartments in Germany do not come with fitted kitchens. Unlike in other countries, you may be required to buy and install your own kitchen cabinets and appliances. So, always check whether a kitchen is included when reviewing listings.
3. The Viewing Process
Once you find an apartment that fits your needs, you’ll need to schedule a viewing. Keep in mind that there’s often a lot of competition, especially in major cities. During the viewing, you’ll get a chance to see the apartment in person and decide if it’s a good fit.
4. Submitting Your Application
If you like the apartment, the next step is to apply. A typical rental application in Germany requires several documents to prove you can afford the rent:
- Proof of income (work contract, last three payslips)
- Previous landlord references
- Residence permit (if applicable)
- SCHUFA report, which is a creditworthiness statement
- Completed rental application form
Competition is fierce, so your chances increase if you have stable finances and all required documents readily available.
Understanding Rent in Germany
There are two primary types of rent in Germany:
- Kaltmiete (cold rent): This is the basic rent that does not include utilities.
- Warmmiete (warm rent): This includes the cold rent plus utility costs such as heating, water, and sometimes electricity.
1. Average Rental Prices
Rental prices vary greatly depending on the city. For example:
- Munich and Stuttgart: Average rent is around €17 per square meter.
- Cheaper cities: Rent averages €9 per square meter.
Factors like the apartment’s age, proximity to the city center, and amenities can influence the final price.
2. Security Deposit (Kaution)
When renting an apartment in Germany, you’ll need to pay a security deposit known as a Kaution, which is usually three times the cold rent. This deposit is held in trust and is returned when you move out, provided there’s no damage to the apartment. However, if repairs or cleaning are needed, the cost will be deducted from the deposit.
3. Radio and TV License (Rundfunkbeitrag)
In Germany, every household is required to pay a TV and radio license fee, regardless of whether you use these services. The fee is around €18 per month and is typically shared among housemates in shared apartments.
The Rental Contract: Key Details to Watch For
Your rental contract will outline everything you need to know about your apartment and the expectations of the landlord. Be sure to carefully review the following points:
- Pets: Not all apartments allow pets, so confirm the policy in the contract.
- Airing requirements: Many contracts include stipulations about airing out the apartment to prevent mold.
- Responsibilities for repairs: Contracts often specify whether the tenant or landlord is responsible for certain repairs.
- Painting: Some landlords require tenants to repaint the apartment in a neutral color, like white, before moving out.
Additionally, you’ll need a document called the Wohnungsgeberbestätigung from your landlord, which confirms your address for registration at the local Bürgeramt.
Common Apartment Amenities in Germany
1. Unfurnished Apartments
Most apartments in Germany are unfurnished. While a few may come with basic furniture, it’s typical to find a completely empty space, including no kitchen.
2. Basement Storage (Keller)
Many apartments come with a storage space called a Keller, often located in the basement. This is useful for storing bikes, seasonal items, or things you don’t need on a daily basis.
3. Balcony
Having a balcony is a desirable feature in Germany, especially for those who enjoy gardening or need outdoor space to relax. Apartments with balconies tend to have higher rents.
4. Flooring and Heating
Most German homes have wood or laminate flooring, with tiles typically reserved for bathrooms. Due to colder temperatures, it’s common for homes to feature heated floors or house slippers for comfort.
5. Power Outlets
One thing that might surprise you is the limited number of power outlets in older apartments. It’s common to see extension cords used to accommodate modern electrical needs.
6. Windows
German windows are well-designed, often opening in two ways (tilt and turn) to provide better ventilation. Some homes come with blinds that block out sunlight completely.
Renting in Germany may be competitive, but with careful planning and the right documentation, you can successfully find a home that suits your needs. From understanding the rental process to knowing what to expect in your apartment, this guide provides a comprehensive overview of renting in Germany. By being well-prepared, you’ll be able to navigate the rental market with confidence.
Whether you’re opting for a traditional apartment or exploring alternatives like tiny homes or houseboats, Germany offers diverse housing options to suit various lifestyles. Happy apartment hunting!
